Applied to the Big Island, since the trade winds blow from the northeast and must pass over the mass of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, it means that the Hilo side is considerably rainier than the Kona side. This effect, called orographic lift, creates larger amounts of rain for the windward side (toward the wind) of the mountain than the leeward side (away from the wind) of the mountain.
When this happens, the clouds have to lose some of their mass (in the form of precipitation) to be able to rise to increased altitude. A rain shadow occurs when clouds must rise to pass over mountains. The most important weather phenomenon to understand here is a rain shadow. The trade winds almost always blow from the northeast, but mountains and valleys create very complex wind and weather patterns. With an almost constant temperature, the two big factors affecting island weather are wind and elevation. This next section is a bit technical, but knowing a bit of meteorology and climatology and how they apply to the Big Island can really help you choose what to do and where to go from day to day. The warmer temperatures of the summer months increases the risk of hurricane activity. Generally, the Big Island receives most precipitation from October to April, and conditions are typically drier otherwise. So, your particluar elevation above sea level will affect your temperature greatly. On the other hand, because the island reaches nearly 14,000 feet above sea level, it contains a majority of the climate zones that exist on earth. It is extremely rare for the temperature to rise above 90 ☏ or fall below 60 ☏. Temperatures at sea level are usually in the 85 – 90☏ range during the summer and in the 79 – 83☏ range during the winter. A common island weather joke says that “winter is at night.” This means that there is more daily variance in temperature than seasonal variance in temperature – it’s colder at night in July than during the day in December. The most distinctive feature of the climate is the small variance in seasonal temperatures. The Big Island has a balmy tropical climate, but this really only applies to the coastal regions of low elevation. Ka’ū Kaʻū Desert - Footprints Trail Kaʻū Desert - Kaʻū Desert Trail Kaʻū Desert - Mauna Iki Trail Kaʻū Desert - Mauna Iki Trail from Hilina Pali Road Kahuku Papakōlea Green Sand Beach Manukā State Wayside Park Kāheawai Trail Punalu'u to Kāwā Punalu'u to Kamehame.
Puna The Puna Trail Lava Tree State Monument Kapoho Bay MacKenzie State Recreation Area 2018 Lava Flows Hike Kaimū Beach Park.Hilo Wailuku River State Park Kaumana Caves State Park Onomea Bay 'Akaka Falls State Park.Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park Overview Crater Rim Trail Sulphur Banks / 'Iliahi Trails Loop Waldron Ledge Loop Halema'uma'u Trail Byron Ledge Trail Devastation Trail Keanakākoʻi Crater Kīlauea Iki Nāhuku - Thurston Lava Tube Pua Po'o Lava tube Pu'u Huluhulu Nāpau Trail Pu’u Loa Petroglyphs Puna Coast Trail End of Chain of Craters Road Kīpuka Puaulu Kahuku Kaʻū Desert - Footprints Trail Kaʻū Desert - Kaʻū Desert Trail Kaʻū Desert - Mauna Iki Trail Kaʻū Desert - Mauna Iki Trail from Hilina Pali Road Hike to Flowing Lava.Saddle Road Mauna Kea - Summit Trail Mauna Kea - Lake Waiau Mauna Kea - Pu'u Kalepeamoa Loop Mauna Kea - Pu'u Kole Pu'u Ahumoa Mauna Loa Puʻu ʻŌʻō Trail Kaūmana Trail Pu'u Huluhulu.Hāmākua Waipi'o Valley Muliwai Trail Waimanu Valley Kalōpā State Park.Kona Kīholo Bay Kīholo to Keawaiki Kīholo to Mano Point Pu’u Wa’awa’a Kekaha Kai State Park Makalawena Beach Pu'u Ku'ili Makole'a Black Sand Beach Makāula 'O'oma Trails Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park 1871 Trail Kealakekua Bay Honomalino.Kohala Pololū Valley Mo’okini Heiau Lapakahi State Historical Park Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site Spencer Beach Park to Waiulaula Beach Hāpuna Beach to Puakō Bay Puakō Petroglyph Archaeological District Kalāhuipua'a Historical Park Waikoloa Petroglyph Preserve Keawaiki Bay Keawaiki Bay to ʻAnaehoʻomalu Bay.Hawai'i Weather - Big Island Hikes Big Island Hikes
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